Mobile media and mobile privatization - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 922 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2018/12/15 Category Technology Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Thesis statement The citizen band radio and smartphones play almost similar activities in that they all have the role of facilitating communication. However, there is a difference between the smartphones and the central band radio. Despite there being a difference between the smartphones and these primary band radio, there still exists some similarities between them. Therefore, in this paper, there is an examination of both the differences and similarities of smartphones and the central band radio through the use of mobile privatization and flow notions. Introduction In the majority of the countries, the citizens band radio refers to the system of radio communication via short distances between the selections of forty channels within the twenty-seven megahertz band. The citizens band radio differs from the other allocations of personal radio services like UHF CB and also the Amateur Radio service. In most of the countries, the Citizens band radio operations do not need the license and may be applied in the businesses and personal communications. This Citizens band radio originated from the United States like one of the numerous individual radio services that were regulated by Federal Communications Commission. With the emergence of the era of smartphones, there existed both differences and similarities of these smartphones with this band radio all of which were applied in the individual communications as well as businesses. One of the differences between the citizens band radio and smartphones is that an individual may use or receive a citiz ens band radio while driving but may not or is not authoritatively required to use or obtain a phone while driving. The difference falls under the notion of flow. The possible dangers associated with texting and dialing while driving are obvious since these are activities that will take the eyes of drivers off or outside the road for a period of greater than one second. For example, an individual will be violating the traffic rules to drive while texting. Since this activity of using the smartphone while driving will distract the driver, various laws are put forward to limit the drivers from using the smartphones while driving. However, with the case of citizens band radio, the driver may speak through the speakerphone or Bluetooth since this is deemed not to cause any kind of distraction to the driver while driving or using a motor vehicle. The other difference is that the citizens band radio is only restricted to the individuals that have an excellent grip regarding the subject s of radio operators. In this case, there is the notion of mobile privatization since only those that have a good grip on its operations are able to operate it efficiently. On the other hand, the smartphones are not restricted to any individuals especially if a person has a little knowledge of the smartphones. In most of the cases, an individual that has little knowledge on the smartphones may acquire the basic knowledge of using them and may utilize them efficiently after gaining this knowledge. However, in the case of Citizens band radio, the individuals are only restricted to its use whenever they have some knowledge of its operations. However, despite the existence of the difference between smartphones and citizens band radio basing on the notions of flow and mobile privatization, there still exists some similarities between them. One of the similarities is that they are used anywhere and at any time and this brings about the notion of flow. With the existence of the citizens band radio and the smartphones, a person may use them freely while at home and also away from home or point of location. An individual may walk away from the home o point of operation of these materials but still be at a freedom of communicating from anywhere and in any time. With the existence of smartphones and Citizens band radio, individuals may make personal and business communication while within the business premises or away from those premises. The other similarity between the two devices is that both smartphones and the Citizens Band radios are simplex devices and this brings about the flow notion. The implication is that two persons communicating through the use of either smartphones or citizens band radio both communicate using a similar frequency. Therefore, it is only a single individual who may speak at a particular time and this individual may either be the speaker or a respondent. For example, two or more persons may not speak at the same time since one has to wa it for the other to speak and then respond or vice versa. Regarding the mobile privatization, both the smartphones and citizens band radio are used for communicating the essential issues of business and making other personal communications. They both act as own gadgets and are used for the purpose of satisfying the individual requirements of disclosure and passing of confidential and relevant information. In conclusion, the era of smartphones and citizens band radio brought about an ease of communication by fastening the process of delivering information from one location to the other. However, their introduction brought about increased chances of providing false information and increased opportunities for telling false by the communicating parties. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Mobile media and mobile privatization" essay for you Create order References Bidgoli, H. (2008).? Handbook of computer networks. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley Sons. Oswald, K. and J. Packer. (2012) Flow and mobile media: Broadcast fixity to digital fluidity. In. Packer, J. and S. Wiley, (eds) Communication Matters: Materialist Approaches to Media, Networks, and Mobility. New York: Routledge. pp 276-287. Packer, J. (2008). Mobility Without Mayhem: Safety, Cars, and Citizenship. Duke University Press. Chapter 4, Communications Convoy, 161-188.

Funding And Staffing Problems The Community Based Mental...

Funding and Staffing Problems The community-based mental health programs are not only inadequate in relation to numbers, but also underfunded (Unite for Sight.org, 2013). According to Martin (1995), we live in a society that is increasingly becoming conscious of an excessive tax burden. Tax burden, on the other hand, provides for the realization of just how deinstitutionalization is directly related to politics and public policy. The pubic in America who account for the electorate, have a significant say in how policy is affected. To this extent the assumption in relation to deinstitutionalization is that due to increased public outcry in regards to taxation, the both federal and state governments have over the years been forced to cut down spending on some items in the recurring budget in order to free up additional funds. According to Treatment Advocacy Center (2011), the federal government in 1965 surgically excluded the payment of Medicaid for patients institutionalized in state psychiatric and other mental disorders institutions. The goals of this action, according to Treatment Advocacy Center (2011) was to foster deinstitutionalization, and the wading of care costs to sates, viewing them as largely responsible for mental care. Because states needed Medicaid reimbursement from the federal government, they had no option but to transfer patients with mental diseases from state hospitals to nursing homes and community psychiatric facilities. It is these alternativeShow MoreRelatedThe Community Mental Health Act Of 19631064 Words   |  5 Pages The Community Mental Health Act of 1963, was the first federal law that inspired community-based mental health care, and it ignited the transformation of the public mental health system (Young Minds Advocacy, 2016). Other names of the Act are Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963. It was the beginning of the Deinstitutionalized movement in mental health treatment options for children, youth, and adults (National Council for Behavioral Health (NCBH),Read MoreAn Assessment Of The Safety Net713 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Report, â€Å"An Assessment of the Safety Net in Detroit, Michigan† Problem statement The safety net in Detroit is in a crisis. According to the report, â€Å"hospital beds have disappeared, physicians have moved away, clinics have closed their doors, and emergency departments have been overwhelmed.† As a result, many low-income Medicaid, underinsured and uninsured Detroit residents lack access to adequate and comprehensive health care, especially primary and specialty care services. Evidence andRead MoreLeading Group Challenges1610 Words   |  7 Pagesstate, or local task forces. Some of the challenges they confront are budget and staffing shortfalls, political perspectives on the roles of law enforcement personnel in society, and the changing nature of crime and the difficulties associated with keeping up with these trends (Bryant, 2010). * Funding for law enforcement agencies are dependent on state and local funding for their operations. Budget cuts trigger staffing reductions for criminal justice managers. Personnel reduction makes it hardRead MoreHealth Promotional Activity: Whole Body Wellness2061 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Introduction- To be effective, a modern nursing must balance patient care versus staffing; procedures versus patient load; egos versus patient need; and, unfortunately fiscal budgeting versus appropriate care. The modern nurse must realize that there position is one of continual multiple horizontal priorities, and act accordingly. As managers, regardless of the subfield, we will be expected not only to understand the organizations budgetary concerns, but to actively manage them as well (Lumby andRead MoreDiscourse Analysis On The Occupational Therapy Profession1568 Words   |  7 Pages Joel Shelby WRI 3010 Professor Lana Sumpter 8/29/2017 Baker College of Flint â€Æ' Discourse Analysis Report Introduction According to (Deapul.edu, n.d.), a discourse community is a group of individuals that communicate and covey their message in the professional and public domain. This format of communication depending on the job field is known as discursive practices (Deapul.edu, n.d.). These communications practices can include communication avenues specific to the field. This can include journalsRead MoreThe Mental Health Care Field2209 Words   |  9 PagesIn the United States the Mental Health Care field is one of the most underserved areas of healthcare. The mental healthcare field faces many challenges to the proper treatment of patients from both a societal and professional standpoint. From a societal perspective a negative stereotype is associated with patients seeking psychiatric care. Patients seeking care are often labeled as defective or damaged. Add in the complication that most patients with mental illness appear to be normal, acceptingRead MoreHome Health Care For A Nursing Home151 3 Words   |  7 Pagesseeking home health care because it’s less expensive, convenient and they prefer to receive medical attention in their home environment. Home health care allows patients to receive health care services within the comfort of their own home for their illness or injury and requires the nurse and other needed healthcare professionals to work around the patient’s schedule. Visiting Nurse Health Systems (VNHS) is an organization that strives to help patients successfully manage their health and provideRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is The Highest Rate Of Incarceration Rates Among African American Males1339 Words   |  6 Pagessocial term in society often used to describe individuals who have been involved in criminal activity. This term refers to criminal behavior, which is variously defined by different legal systems. Juvenile Delinquency is prominent in inner city communities- vastly lower income poverty shook areas. Background Juvenile Delinquents are being incarcerated at earlier ages as time progresses. The term delinquent speaks of two or more youths, typically amongst the ages of ten and seventeen years old, whoRead MoreVisiting A Nurse Health Systems ( Vnhs )1644 Words   |  7 Pagesseeking home health care because it’s less expensive, convenient and they prefer to receive medical attention in their home environment. Amazingly, home health care allows patients to receive health care services within the comfort of their own home for their illness or injury and requires the nurse and other needed healthcare professionals to work around the patient’s schedule. Visiting Nurse Health Systems (VNHS) is an organization that strives to help patients successfully manage their health and provideRead MoreThe Regulation And Taxation Of Marijuana Act1618 Words   |  7 Pagesadministrative fees, enforcement officials, and regulation staffing. Administrative fees will include payment for Cannabis A dvisory Board, Cannabis Control Commission, and other such staffing. The remaining balance in the Fund will remain and carry over for following expenditures. Theses revenues may also be allocated to the Drug Awareness Program in which individuals who violate the statute, age regulation or quantity, may be forced to attend. Once the funding is in, a better understanding of the number of

The FWO 7-Eleven Inquiry Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the FWO 7-Eleven Inquiry. Answer: Introduction The Australian Fair Work Ombudsman made an inquiry regarding the underpayment of wages in June 2014 as was committed by the 7-Eleven Australia. Similarly, the FWO inquired into the falsification of the records of workers regarding their employment. The Ombudsman allegations of concern can be defined as systematic non-compliance of 7-Eleven with the countrys workplace laws(Thomsen, 2016). The ombudsman found that several 7-Eleven franchisees falsified employment records deliberately to facilitate the underpayment of remunerations. However, the inquiry discovered that the firms approach never detected or addressed the issues of non-compliance adequately. The commission accused the organization of intimidation, threats, and retaliation against the underpaid employees(Thomsen, 2016). The Senate inquiry also found that workers were intimidated and beaten(Woodley, 2016). Based on the significance of the 7-Eleven inquiry, this paper conducts an assessment regarding the companys compliance w ith industrial relations laws like pay and conditions. Reason for the FWO Inquiry The Fair Work Ombudsman had received various complaints regarding 7-Elevens compliance with the industrial relations laws since 2008. It had emerged that the employees of the company had raised concerns about the significance underpayment of wages(FWO, 2016). The systematic of non-compliance with the laws was a grave issue that the FWO could not compromise. The FWO linked the low payment to false employment records. Given the continued allegations regarding the franchisees noncompliance with the workplace laws, the FWO identified about eight issues (Lannin, 2016). The FWO discovered that the franchisees had a history of noncompliance. Since 2008, the FWO received regular reports from different stakeholders, especially employees regarding the significance underpayment of wages(AG-FWO, 2016). With the inaccurate records, the company has managed to underpay the workforce against the federal workplace laws. For instance, the firm reduced the working hours recorded. Through this strategy, the employer wanted to indicate that it paid its workers higher rates than the actual payment. The FWO had gathered intelligence and information regarding the allegations of underpayment and mistreatment of workers(FWO, 2016). The inquiry was to examine the franchisees operating model thoroughly. Through the inquiry, the FWO would resolve the individual requests of employees as the company failed to address noncompliance issues, network, and supply chain (Lannin, 2016). The Fair Work Act provided the rationale for the FWO inquiry because the allegations could have been contrary to this Act. The inquiry was purposeful, as the Fair Work Ombudsman wanted to identify the basis of allegations relating to the serious noncompliance(AG-FWO, 2016). The FWO wanted to assess the responsibility of the firms head office in the issue and the role of its operating model in promoting the unlawful practice. Findings The FWO launched the investigation into the issues and allegations raised by the workers and related stakeholders. In its effort to uncover the truth, the FWO made unannounced visits leading to the following outcomes. Validity of records Upon conducting the site visits, the inspectors of FWO reviewed and compared the pay records, CCTV footage, the interview records, and the time records were obtained. The inspectors made follow-up calls and called employees for interviews upon visiting the site(Habbit, 2016). The move ensured the inspectors verified the information provided. Through thorough testing and reviewing of evidence, the inspectors identified various inconsistencies regarding the employee paid rates, conditions of work, time records and rosters(Marin-Guzman, 2016). The Fair Work inspector discovered the presence of inaccurate records in the company. The FWO found that most stores had inaccurate records and promoted significant underpayments. With inaccurate records, it made it difficult for the inspectors to identify the unmet entitlement. In fact, the investigated stores excluded specialist payroll provider mandated in processing pays. It was unfortunate that 7-Eleven used manual methods in processing wage payments. The companys accountants entered the hours worked manually into the companys payroll system. During the manual entry system, the officers could enter different penalty hours but fail to enter the rate to be paid(Habbit, 2016). These system parameters affected the franchisees in making proper payment because inaccurate records were manipulated thus affecting the payroll system(Marin-Guzman, 2016). The misleading and false records contravened the fair work regulations. The production of such records affected the employees. The FWO found it difficult to assess the employee entitlement accurately. The inquiry discovered that employers decided for workers on their actual rate of pay ($10-$17) per hour. Employee participation The inquiry realized that many employees were lone rangers. The employers never engaged them in their decisions. With lack of participation, even the inspectors found it difficult to investigate the stores (Ferguson, 2017). In one store, for instance, only one employee volunteered to engage in the formal interview. Interestingly, many employees opted for anonymous interviews for fear of victimization. Some employees provided false accounts of wages thus making the information inconsistent(Lannin, 2016). For example, some workers provided answers, which served their interests because they continuously changed their answers. During the forensic investigation, some stores acknowledged the presence of false records while some relied on fabricated records. This justified the franchisees contravened the wage provisions. Visa-holders The FWO discovered that most of 7-Elevens franchisees were from China, India, and Pakistan. The majority of the workers are visa-holders and male international students. According to the inquiry, the FWO received assistance request from many visa-holders who accounted for about 12 percent. The visa-holders claimed that they were paid $10-$12 per hour(FWO, 2016). In Australia, employers have no authority to undercut minimum wage. These employers should also avoid keeping inaccurate time-and-wage records. It further emerged that 7-Eleven took advantage of the international students inability to understand the workplace rights(Sivaraman, 2016). In fact, most of the visa-holders are afraid to seek the help of Commonwealth regulators. For instance, they work for more than 50 hours per week instead of the 40 hours. Exploitation complicity The FWO has called the convenience store to acknowledge that its business model created an environment that promoted illegal work conditions and wage fraud(Ferguson Danckert, 2016). The report of the inquiry revealed that the firm and its networks compounded the wage fraud because it failed to use the recommended processes and systems address and detect worker exploitation. The workers revealed to the FWO about the systematic wage abuse. The FWO compelled the franchise operator to comply with the federal workplace agreement. Based on the findings, the head office had received employee grievance but failed to act(James, 2016 ). Therefore, the investigation discovered breaches in workplace laws. Gaps in the Australian ER system In the Australian industrial relations, the union movements have completely declined. This followed the governments efforts to merge the unions thus making them irrelevant (Schofield-Georgeson, 2017). The FWO inquiry exposes the lack of worker representation because even the employees feared to share their tribulations in camera. They prefer providing information anonymously to conceal their identity. In fact, the Union membership has dropped thus justifying the increased cases of worker exploitation. Today, the country has experienced the increase in casual jobs. The growth of such jobs has prevented workers from joining unions and engaging enterprise bargaining. The decline of union movements is signalling the death of collective bargaining(Sivaraman, 2016). This makes Australian industrial relations landscape to look different. The inquiry raises various gaps relating to the role of government and unions. Protecting the rights of workers The E-Eleven presents the horrific stories relating to exploitation and abuse of vulnerable workers(Phillips, 2015). It raises the question whether unions in Australia exist. Since time immemorial, unions helped the government in enforcing the workplace laws and policing workplace abuses. However, the 7-Eleven case, the unions seemed to have taken the back stage. The retail workers union never raised any alarm yet the employees were exploited. It took the courage of a whistleblower, a consumer advocate to raise the alarm thus revealing the 7-Eleven scandal. In most cases, active unions enforced workplace conditions and standards(Schofield-Georgeson, 2017). In Australia, the government has under-resourced the FWO thus making it impossible to improve workplaces and protect the Australians rights. The continued de-unionisation campaign has promoted workplace deregulation thus leaving vulnerable workers exposed to exploitation. The adoption of Fair Work Act (2009) provided a balance for workers. However, the continued anti-union campaigns have reduced the union density and power(Disclaimer, 2017). The employers have used the absence of unions to exploit workers without significant consequences. The activities and abuse in 7-Eleven form an evidence of a powerless union including the FWO(Schofield-Georgeson, 2017). It emerges that unions face challenges to implement the federal workplace laws. In fact, the union officials are denied the legal rights to visit members in various workplaces. These officials can only access workplace if they have the right-of-entry card. They should also give a 24-hour notice to the employer before visiting(Phillips, 2015). Sometimes, the employer can challenge their visit in the FW Commission. With the 24-hours notice, the employer can get an opport unity to hide the incriminating evidence. Similarly, the union officials rarely have the right to check employment records. The employer can insist that such meetings be held in an appropriate environment thus discourage workers from meeting their representatives. Many employers also use plethora tactics to overcome the collective bargaining(Cox, 2016). These employers know that without the collective bargaining agreement, the union can rarely challenge the employer using the enforceable dispute resolution mechanisms. With the fear of insecurity of migrant workers, the hurdle to engage them becomes difficult. Currently, the FWA has granted employers the least help. For instance, this law completely restricts union activities(Phillips, 2015). The abuse and exploitation of visa-holders offer the unions an opportunity to consider this new group of workers. The precariat or insecure workers need protection from their bosses. Since the 2000s, the country has experienced a steady growth of short contracts, casualization, labor hires and independent contracting. The labor unions have remained adamant to represent these insecure workers. Most unions are concentrating on protecting their bases of an island of privilege instead of the insecure workforce(Sivaraman, 2016). Despite the continued efforts to restore the role of labor unions in the workplace, the union movements have engaged in corruption scandals, leadership tussles, and witch-hunt over trade union royalties(Cox, 2016). These practices have tainted the reputation of trade unions. The Australian government must recognize the significance of insecure workers by protecting their workplace rights. It thus must allocate sufficient resources to support the operations of the Fair Work Ombudsman. It should further use the senate to adopt stringent regulations and laws to protect workers against employers blackmail (Cox, 2016). The implications of the inquiry for the regulation of ER in Australia The payroll noncompliance presents long-term implications to the organization as demonstrated below. Franchise brand The noncompliance with payroll regulations damages franchise brand thus imposes a harmful long-term effect. In most cases, many stakeholders believe that payroll noncompliance destroys the brand of an organization. The negative brand effect would make it difficult for a franchise to attract quality talents. For instance, the employees are unwilling to work for franchises, which exploit them and underpay. The perception of the community about such organizations remains negative(Phillips, 2015). To this effect, the firms performance and recruitment strategies will suffer. Everyone will view the company negatively thus makes it impossible for it to expand its market share and attract new customers and employees. Employee dissatisfaction Payroll noncompliance exposes an organization to financial risks, especially when the employees are dissatisfied. The knock-on effect of employee dissatisfaction remains incomparable. For instance, the affected workers would be demotivated, disengaged, and they would give substandard customer services. The noncompliance can also expose the firm to back payments and significance fines. For instance, 7-Eleven was fined millions of dollars for underpayments thus made it suffer the financial risks (Phillips, 2015). Therefore, the company found itself in a difficult situation because it had to look for money to pay the workers leading to potential losses. The franchisors, which fail to comply with payroll regulations, make their brands unattractive to various franchisees. The overall effect is evident in the losses of the business. Liability The Fair Work Act of 2009 protects the interests of individuals in low-wage industries. Under this Act, the managers are expected to treat their workers fairly including shaping their working conditions(Hardy). This law was enacted to protect workers by providing remedy regimes. The FWO has used this law to hold managers and directors of companies accountable for contravening the federal workplace laws. The Fair Work Bill 2017 introduces new provisions that protect the workers against exploitation(Disclaimer, 2017). In the new provisions, the employee, the FWO, or union can bring a holding company or franchisor to the Federal Circuit Court or the Federal Court for breaching the employment agreement. According to this provision, the court can impose a maximum penalty worth 300 and 60 penalty units for bodies corporate and individual respectively(ACCI, 2015). This implies that a holding company or franchisor is liable for contravening any prescribed provisions. The Fair Work Amendment Bill 2017 protects the vulnerable workers. Under the proposed law, the liability is extended to the individuals engaged in the franchisees affairs. In subsection 558(1) of the bill, the franchisor entities are liable for contravening the FWA, especially where the entities are aware of the contraventions(Disclaimer, 2017). For instance, if the franchisor is aware of alleged underpayment or systematic noncompliance, the firm will be liable for denying its workers their entitlement as provided for under the FWA (ACCI, 2015). The Australian Chamber of Commerce has made its position known regarding the underpayment practices. The Chamber condemns such practices by franchisors or franchisees because they defy the immigration law and legal obligations deliberately (Disclaimer, 2017). According to the Australian Chamber, the exploitation of vulnerable employees attracts legal liability. In fact, the FWO has taken to court about 42 percent of the visa-holder vulnerabil ity cases, where the body sought damages and compensations for the underpaid workers (ACCI, 2015). The FW Act offers an opportunity for the vulnerable workers to get justice. Anybody or the organization contravening the Act can be held responsible as provided for under the FW Act section 550. Conclusion 7-Eleven workers have experienced serious abuse and exploitation from their employer. Based on this article, it is evident that the employer underpaid them, encouraged them to breach their visa conditions, and falsify records. The Fair Work Ombudsman inquiry found that these serious allegations were factual. Apparently, the FWO is under-resourced to act in such cases and protect the rights of insecure workers. The union movements have also failed in their responsibility to protect the interests and workplace rights of members. In fact, the government has undermined the role of unions in Australia thus allowing employers to abuse and exploit workers. Although the FWO demonstrated the reasons to conduct the inquiry into the 7-Eleven issues, the FWA has denied the commission the power to enforce the industrial relations regulations. It thus depends on the courts to stamp its authority. Bibliography ACCI. (2015, November 27). Victoria Inquiry into the Labour Hire Industry and Insecure Work. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from https://economicdevelopment.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/1311363/Submission-ACCI.pdf AG-FWO. (2016, April). A Report of the Fair Work Ombudsmans Inquiry into 7-Eleven. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from Fair Work Ombudsman: https://www.fairwork.gov.au/ArticleDocuments/763/7-eleven-inquiry-report.pdf.aspx Cox, D. (2016, May 16). 7-Eleven Wage Scam: Union Says It Has Evidence Cash-Back Scheme is Still Alive and Kicking. Retrieved August 30, 2017, from ABC Newcastle: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-16/7-eleven-hunter-cash-back-scheme-still-alive-union-says/7415940 Disclaimer. (2017, May 25). Fair Work Amendment (Protecting Vulnerable Workers) Bill 2017 Explanatory Memorandum. Retrieved September 1, 2017, from Commonwealth of Australia Explanatory Memoranda: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/cth/bill_em/fwavwb2017525/memo_0.html Ferguson, A. (2017, February 12). 7-Eleven Inquiry a Chance to Fix Whistleblower Protection. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from Financial Review: https://www.afr.com/business/legal/7eleven-inquiry-a-chance-to-fix-whistleblower-protection-20170212-guax8z Ferguson, A., Danckert, S. (2016, April 9). 7-Eleven: Fair Work Ombudsman Says Admit Exploitation Complicity. Retrieved August 30, 2017, from The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/fair-work-ombudsman-calls-on-7eleven-to-admit-exploitation-comp FWO. (2016, April 9). Statement on 7-Eleven. Retrieved August 30, 2017, from Australian Government: https://www.fairwork.gov.au/about-us/news-and-media-releases/2016-media-releases/april-2016/20160409-7-eleven-presser Habbit, C. (2016, April 13). FWO: 7-Eleven Could Have Acted Earlier and Done More . Retrieved August 29, 2017, from Convenience Impulse Retailing: https://c-store.com.au/2016/04/13/fwo-7-eleven-could-have-acted-earlier-and-done-more/ Hardy, T. (n.d.). Who Should be Held Liable for Workplace Contraventions and on What Basis. Retrieved August 30, 2017, from Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tess_Hardy/publication/303699676_Who_Should_Be_Held_Liable_for_Workplace_Contraventions_and_On_What_Basis/links/58e44 James, N. (2016 , April 9). Statement on 7-Eleven. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from Fair Work Imbudsman: https://www.fairwork.gov.au/about-us/news-and-media-releases/2016-media-releases/april-2016/20160409-7-eleven-presser Lannin, S. (2016, December 7). 7-Eleven and Fair Work Sign Deal to combat Exploitation Using Biometrics, CCTV. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from ABC News: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-12-07/7-eleven-and-fairwork-sign-deal-to-combat-exploitation/8099538 Marin-Guzman, D. (2016, May 2). Lack of Compulsory Powers Leads to 7-Eleven-like Non-Compliance: FWO. Retrieved September 1, 2017, from Thompson Reuters: https://sites.thomsonreuters.com.au/workplace/2016/05/02/lack-of-compulsory-powers-leads-to-7-eleven-like-non-compliance-fwo-2/ Phillips, M. (2015, October 13). The Challenge for Unions. Retrieved September 1, 2017, from Overland: https://overland.org.au/2015/10/the-challenge-for-unions/ Schofield-Georgeson, E. (2017, February 17). Work Councils Could be the Future of Australian Industrial Democracy in an ABCC world. Retrieved August 30, 2017, from The Conversation: https://theconversation.com/work-councils-could-be-the-future-of-australian-industrial-democracy-in-an- Sivaraman, G. (2016, May 13). 7-Eleven Workers and Their Rights in Australia. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from Australian Lawyers Alliance: https://www.lawyersalliance.com.au/opinion/7-eleven-workers-and-their-rights-in-australia Thomsen, S. (2016, May 12). The Inquiry for 7-Elevens Underpaid Workers Just Imploded, and Allan Fels has Gone Ballistic . Retrieved August 30, 2017, from Business Insider: https://www.businessinsider.com.au/the-compensation-panel-for-7-elevens-underpaid-workers-just-imploded-and-allan- Woodley, N. (2016, February 5). 7-Eleven Workers Physically Intimidated and Beaten, Senate Inquiry Hears . Retrieved August 31, 2017, from ABC News: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-05/7-eleven-workers-physically-intimidated-and-beaten/7144460?pfmredir=sm